Leaf 4 from an antiphonal fragment (verso)

Italian 13th Century

National Gallery of Art

This is a photograph of a page from a medieval musical manuscript. The page shows music notation with square notes on four-line staves using the neumatic notation system. The accompanying text is in Latin with elaborate initial letters and intricate decoration in red and blue. The manuscript showcases the craftsmanship of medieval scribes on aged parchment paper, providing insights into historical musical and cultural practices.